Then its rear pivot location would move up and down in a straight, vertical line with no curvature to its path at all. Imagine you could make the lower link of a traditional twin-link bike infinitely long and horizontal. The lower pivot acts like the rear pivot on the lower link of a traditional twin-link design, except that this pivot moves vertically in a straight line rather than a curving arc centred on the forward pivot point. This system uses a lower pivot which slides up and down on a pair of vertical shafts, along with an upper link which rotates clockwise (if viewed from the driveside) as the suspension compresses. Yeti’s Switch Infinity design works a bit like a twin-link, except the lower link is replaced by a pair of vertical rails Russell Burton / Immediate Media This distinction between counter-rotating and co-rotating links is more important in terms of suspension kinematics than the arbitrary distinction between Horst-link and twin-link designs. While counter-rotating links can produce an anti-squat profile which peaks in the middle of the travel, which may be desirable in terms of balancing pedal efficiency against pedal kickback. In fact, twin-link or horst-link bikes with co-rotating links often exhibit anti-squat behavior that’s very similar to a single-pivot bike. Some, such as Santa Cruz’s VPP system, use links that counter-rotate (turn in opposite directions), while many others, such as Giant’s Maestro system, have links that co-rotate (turn in the same direction).Īs we’ll see later, the way the centre of curvature migrates as the bike moves through its travel is quite different for each configuration. The Fuji Rakan illustrates this lack of distinction, like a missing link between the two styles.Īs with the Horst-link design, here the axle’s direction is tangential to a moving instant-centre, while the related concept of the centre of curvature, or ‘virtual pivot point’, defines the way in which the axle path curves through its travel. The only real difference is the length of the lower link. It actually works in a similar way to a Horst-link design - imagine moving the Horst-link’s chainstay pivot much closer to the mainframe and you have the basis of a twin-link system. These use a rigid rear triangle, articulating on a pair of short links which connect it to the mainframe. Twin-link bikes use a pair of short links to connect the rear triangle to the front Courtesy Depending on the position of the Instant Centre, the effect of braking forces on the suspension (known as anti-rise) can be reduced relative to a single pivot design.Īs I’ll explain later, this can afford designers more control over the levels of anti-squat throughout the suspension’s travel, as well as reducing the effect of braking forces (known as anti-rise) on the suspension, with the aim of improving sensitivity. This means the rear axle is not directly connected to the mainframe, and so moves in a path which is defined by its Instant Centre and Centre of curvature, which may move as the suspension cycles through its travel. Horst-link (aka four-bar) suspension - as used by Specialized, Norco, and newer Transitions (as well as many others) - is marked out by a rear pivot located below the rear axle on the chainstay (rather than the seatstay as with the “faux-bar”). Enter either a desired width or desired height to calculate the remaining value.A Horst-link design is marked out by a chainstay pivot - the rear axle is not directly connected to the mainframe Mick Kirkman.Enter the values for the original width and original height.This is useful, for example, when resizing photos or video. Use Aspect Ratio Calculator to calculate the missing value for a particular aspect ratio. (original height / original width) x new width = new height To find the new height for your photo - while maintaining the aspect ratio - you will need to do the following calculation: Let's say you have a 1600 x 1200 px photo, but your blog only has space for a 400px wide photo. It is a very useful device for resizing photos or videos for your blog or social media account. This means that the width of the image is twice its height.
Usually it is described by two numbers and a semicolon between them, for example, 2: 1. Aspect ratio is the proportional relationship between the width and height of an image.
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